Acute bronchitis usually resolves on its own. Simple interventions, like getting enough rest, consuming honey (if over the age of one), and using saline nasal sprays, cough drops, and/or a humidifier, can relieve some discomfort. However, medications to treat symptoms may be prescribed.
Coughing is often treated with antitussive medications (cough suppressants) such as dextromethorphan; however, some research suggests that it may be less effective than honey at relieving coughing.[1] Some small studies have found that albuterol inhalers may be helpful for treating cough,[2][3] but clinical guidelines only recommended their use in people with a history of wheezing or bronchial obstruction.[4][5] For pain and fever, acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen) may be used. Lastly, expectorants (drugs that thin and loosen mucus) such as guaifenesin can help clear mucus from the lungs. Antibiotics are not recommended for acute bronchitis, since most cases are caused by a virus,[6] and the risks and costs of these medications usually outweigh any of the minor benefits they provide.[7]
It is important to note that medical treatments differ across populations and may change depending on a person’s age and/or co-occurring conditions. For example, antihistamine and antitussive medications are not indicated for use in children under the age of four.[5]