Many older adults, especially those with a history or a fear of falling, reduce and restrict their physical activity with the intention to reduce their risk of falls. Unfortunately, this usually results in physical deconditioning and conversely increases the risk of falls.[1] Consequently, most research has linked expert-directed moderated physical activity as a factor that reduces the risk of falls.[1] Meta-analyses of over 10,000 participants show that exercise reduces fall risk by 23% compared to control.[2] [3] Many exercise regimens have been studied, including functional balance training, resistance training, flexibility, patterned movement (Tai Chi/dance), and endurance training. Exercise can help to improve functional stability (e.g. by increasing lower body strength) and balance, providing additional layers of defense against a fall.[2][4]
References
- ^Lusardi MM, Fritz S, Middleton A, Allison L, Wingood M, Phillips E, Criss M, Verma S, Osborne J, Chui KKDetermining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability.J Geriatr Phys Ther.(2017)
- ^Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK, Tiedemann A, Michaleff ZA, Howard K, Clemson L, Hopewell S, Lamb SEExercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community.Cochrane Database Syst Rev.(2019-Jan-31)
- ^Dautzenberg L, Beglinger S, Tsokani S, Zevgiti S, Raijmann RCMA, Rodondi N, Scholten RJPM, Rutjes AWS, Di Nisio M, Emmelot-Vonk M, Tricco AC, Straus SE, Thomas S, Bretagne L, Knol W, Mavridis D, Koek HLInterventions for preventing falls and fall-related fractures in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.J Am Geriatr Soc.(2021-Oct)
- ^Kim Y, Vakula MN, Bolton DAE, Dakin CJ, Thompson BJ, Slocum TA, Teramoto M, Bressel EWhich Exercise Interventions Can Most Effectively Improve Reactive Balance in Older Adults? A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Front Aging Neurosci.(2021)