Muscle size is measured both at the whole-body and muscle-specific level. In the former, generally fat-free mass or lean mass is distinguished from fat mass and is commonly measured using either dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA-DXA|DXA) or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Other assessment methods include ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.[1]
Muscle strength is most commonly assessed using dynamic resistance exercise in the form of a 1-repetition maximum (1RM) test.[2][3] A higher-repetition maximum test (i.e., a 2–6 RM test) may also be used to assess strength and estimate 1RM. Another option is an isometric strength test, which involves producing a maximal force against an immovable resistance.[4] Unlike dynamic resistance exercise, the muscle length does not change during an isometric muscle action.
References
- ^Kasper AM, Langan-Evans C, Hudson JF, Brownlee TE, Harper LD, Naughton RJ, Morton JP, Close GLCome Back Skinfolds, All Is Forgiven: A Narrative Review of the Efficacy of Common Body Composition Methods in Applied Sports Practice.Nutrients.(2021-Mar-25)
- ^Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Stone MHThe Importance of Muscular Strength in Athletic PerformanceSports Med.(2016 Oct)
- ^McMaster DT, Gill N, Cronin J, McGuigan MA brief review of strength and ballistic assessment methodologies in sport.Sports Med.(2014-May)
- ^Wilson GJ, Murphy AJThe use of isometric tests of muscular function in athletic assessment.Sports Med.(1996-Jul)