The following conditions have been implicated in the development of secondary Raynaud’s:
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Autoimmune conditions: Autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, scleroderma, and Sjogren syndrome can trigger Raynaud’s attacks.[1][2][3]
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Medications: Certain medications such as beta blockers, cyclosporine, and migraine medications have been linked to secondary Raynaud’s.[3]
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Occupational exposure: Exposure to vibrations from machinery, chemicals from PVC, and chemicals associated with ammunition production can trigger Raynaud’s attacks.[3]
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Obstructive vascular diseases: Diseases that block or reduce blood flow through blood vessels such as atherosclerosis and diabetic angiopathy (a condition that causes blood flow restriction from high glucose levels) can cause secondary Raynaud's.[3]
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Infectious diseases: Infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and cytomegalovirus[3] can cause secondary Reynaud’s.
Secondary Raynaud’s has also been linked to other conditions such as fibromyalgia, cancer, and polycythemia (a blood condition associated with abnormally high red blood cell production).[3]
References
- ^Ruaro B, Sulli A, Smith V, Pizzorni C, Paolino S, Alessandri E, Cutolo MMicrovascular damage evaluation in systemic sclerosis: the role of nailfold videocapillaroscopy and laser techniques.Reumatismo.(2017 Dec 21)
- ^Wollina U, Koch A, Langner D, Hansel G, Heinig B, Lotti T, Tchernev GAcrocyanosis - A Symptom with Many Facettes.Open Access Maced J Med Sci.(2018 Jan 25)
- ^Musa R, Qurie ARaynaud Disease.StatPearls.(2024 Jan)