What causes UTIs?

UTIs are caused by bacterial colonization of the urinary tract and subsequent inflammation. Sexual intercourse, spermicides, and diaphragms may increase the risk for UTIs, especially when proper hygiene is not maintained. Other factors that increase the risk of developing a UTI include using a urinary catheter, urethral manipulation, frequent pelvic exams, anatomical abnormalities (e.g., urethral stricture, benign prostatic hyperplasia), kidney transplant, antibiotic use, and diabetes).^[1]