Are there any drugs or other factors that may contribute to infantile colic?

Nicotine exposure may increase the risk of developing colic, as mothers who smoked or used nicotine replacements during pregnancy and breastfeeding have a 30%–60% higher chance of their infant developing colic.^[1] Caffeine (specifically chocolate and coffee) consumption may increase the risk of colic and eczema, but the body of evidence is small and low-quality.^[2] There do not appear to be any significant differences in socioeconomic status, sex, maternal age, food source (breast milk versus formula), or type of feeding (breast or bottle) between infants who develop infantile colic and infants who do not.^[3][4]