How could diet affect cancer?

Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary patterns are a large contributor to the global cancer burden and are a key area to focus on for preventing cancer.^[1] A number of diet intervention studies confirm the role of diet in cancer risk by looking at markers of cancer risk,^[2] but few interventions have actually tested the effect of diet on preventing cancer.^[3][4] The majority of dietary interventions focus on either preventing cancer recurrence, slowing progression, or managing the symptoms of cancer and cancer treatments.^[5][6][7] Generally speaking, weight management through diet and antioxidant-rich diets are focal points in nutrition for cancer research.