The mechanism by which red light therapy works is not well-established, although most explanations center on its ability to increase cellular energy generation. More specifically, red and near-infrared light are thought to stimulate the activity of the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), which increases ATP production.[1][2] This increase in ATP synthesis can in turn lead to enhanced tissue repair, changes in gene expression, and the generation of cell signaling molecules, all potentially contributing to the biological effects of red light therapy.[1][3]
How does red light therapy work?
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•Last Updated: May 16, 2025
Red light therapy is believed to work by increasing cellular energy generation, primarily through stimulation of the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c oxidase, which enhances ATP production. This boost in ATP synthesis may lead to improved tissue repair, altered gene expression, and the production of cell signaling molecules.