Family history has been identified as a significant risk factor for developing BPH. The risk of BPH is increased 4-fold in men who have a relative with BPH, and this risk increases to 6-fold if their brother has BPH.[1] Recent genetic studies have identified a “genetic signature” of BPH in which two genes — BMP5 and CXCL13 — seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of BPH.[2]