High/excessive intakes of choline can result in some side effects, including a fishy body odor, vomiting, excessive sweating and salivation, low blood pressure (hypotension), and liver toxicity.[1] In addition, choline consumption has been shown to increase the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, some studies indicate that the amount of choline consumed in 3 eggs per day does not elevate plasma TMAO levels.[2][3][4][5][6] Some studies have associated higher choline intakes with increased atrial fibrillation risk[7] and type 2 diabetes.[8]
What are choline’s main drawbacks?
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•Last Updated: May 16, 2025
High intakes of choline can lead to side effects such as fishy body odor, vomiting, excessive sweating, low blood pressure, and liver toxicity, as well as an increased production of TMAO, which is associated with cardiovascular disease. Additionally, higher choline consumption has been associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation and type 2 diabetes.