What are some of the main medical treatments for muscle cramps?

Drugs are not recommended as first line treatment of routine muscle cramps. Muscle cramps can be often relieved by stretching of the affected muscle or massage.^[1] Stretching the muscle for 10 to 20 seconds, followed by 20 to 30 minutes of passive tension on the muscle (i.e., keeping the muscle lightly stretched but in a comfortable relaxed position), and then by rest, is often effective after the initial muscle contraction has subsided (in order to prevent further cramping).^[2]