What are some of the main medical treatments for prediabetes?

Lifestyle intervention (i.e., weight loss, exercise, healthy eating, reduction or cessation of alcohol intake) is the cornerstone of prediabetes treatment, but metformin is considered the first-line pharmacological intervention. It’s recommended that metformin be added for people with prediabetes who have a BMI of at least 35, higher glucose levels (e.g., fasting glucose ≥ 110 mg/dL, HbA1c ≥ 6.0%), and/or a history of gestational diabetes.^[1] Metformin may also be considered in cases where lifestyle intervention is ineffective.^[2] Weight-loss drugs (e.g., semaglutide) are another increasingly popular option to enhance the efficacy of lifestyle intervention.^[3][4]