What are the main signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

    Written by:
    Bill Willis

    Fact-checked

    by:

    Louie Neri, Graham Walker
    Last Updated: May 16, 2025

    Parkinson's disease leads to both motor symptoms (such as tremors, bradykinesia, and muscle stiffness) and nonmotor symptoms (including depression, fatigue, and cognitive decline). These symptoms start subtly and progressively worsen over time, which increases the risk of falls and injuries.

    The effects of Parkinson’s disease on the brain cause both motor (i.e., movement-associated) and non-motor symptoms. The symptoms are subtle at first, but progressively worsen over time.[1]

    Common motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease include the following:

    • Tremors, which can occur in different parts of the body including the head, arms, legs, and jaw
    • Bradykinesia (slowness of movement)
    • Changes in gait
    • Impaired balance and coordination
    • Muscle stiffness

    (These motor symptoms make patients prone to serious falls and injuries.)

    People with Parkinson’s disease may experience any of the following non-motor symptoms:

    • Depression
    • Fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness
    • Anxiety
    • Cognitive decline[2] / Dementia
    • Constipation or urinary problems
    • Skin problems[3]