TUDCA’s main benefit is maintaining cellular health by reducing cellular stress and inhibiting inflammatory pathways.[1][2][3][4] For this reason, TUDCA has been proposed to have therapeutic effects on several conditions, including retinal disorders, metabolic conditions, liver-related conditions, neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).[5][6][4]
Although some clinical studies have shown promise in the treatment of ALS,[7][8] primary biliary cholangitis,[9][10][11] insulin resistance,[12] and endothelial function,[13] TUDCA’s widespread therapeutic claims are largely derived from in vitro experiments[4][14][2][3] and preclinical studies in rats[15][16][17] and mice.[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][3] Consequently, the benefits of TUDCA to humans are unclear because there is a lack of robust evidence to support its clinical efficacy.