The exact cause of AAMCD is unknown. One hypothesis is that the decline in cognitive function is related to reduced brain matter, specifically white matter. After the age of 70, there is a pronounced reduction in white matter volume. Other potential mechanisms that may play a role in the development of AAMCD are mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotransmitter alterations, chronic inflammation, high levels of stress-related corticosteroids, high blood pressure, vascular changes associated with aging, and oxidative stress.[1][2][3]
What causes age-associated memory impairment & cognitive decline?
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•Last Updated: May 16, 2025
The exact cause of age-associated memory impairment and cognitive decline is unknown, but it may be associated with reduced white matter volume, particularly after age 70. Other contributing factors could include mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotransmitter changes, chronic inflammation, stress-related hormones, high blood pressure, vascular aging, and oxidative stress.