Although the exact causes of primary glaucoma have not yet been established, in most cases, the level of intraocular pressure is related to the degree of glaucomatous damage observed. Independently or in addition to intraocular pressure, other factors — including an insufficient supply of oxygen to the optic nerve head, excessive stimulation of the glutamate system, and the formation of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines — may individually or collectively contribute to the development of glaucomatous damage.[1][2]
What causes glaucoma?
Written by:
Fact-checked
by:
•Last Updated: May 16, 2025
The exact causes of primary glaucoma are not fully understood, but it is often associated with intraocular pressure levels and may also involve factors such as insufficient oxygen supply to the optic nerve, excessive glutamate stimulation, and the presence of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines. These factors can contribute individually or collectively to damage from glaucoma.