One of the main chemical culprits for menstrual cramps is a rise in prostaglandins[1] (especially PGF2ɑ), which can reduce blood flow to the uterus while also strengthening contractions. This combination lowers oxygen availability in the uterus, resulting in cramping and pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can stem this rise in prostaglandins, which is probably why they are effective for treating menstrual cramps[2] and are recommended[3] as a first-line intervention.
What causes pain from menstrual cramps?
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•Last Updated: October 13, 2024