What causes pain in fibromyalgia?

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    Last Updated: May 16, 2025

    Fibromyalgia is now recognized as a true disorder that is characterized by improper pain signaling, which leads to hypersensitivity to pain. Research indicates that people with fibromyalgia have higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of GABA, which may contribute to this heightened pain sensitivity.

    Historically, whether fibromyalgia was a true condition has been debated, as many researchers and clinicians believed it was a purely psychological phenomenon. However, recent research has discovered that this is a true disorder with physical characteristics that can significantly impact quality of life.

    Now, fibromyalgia is thought to be a disorder characterized by improper pain signaling. People with FM tend to be hypersensitive to pain when compared to people without FM.[1] Additionally, people with FM also tend to have higher brain levels of glutamate[2] (an excitatory neurotransmitter) and decreased levels of GABA[3] (an inhibitory neurotransmitter), which may play a role in pain hypersensitivity.

    What causes pain in fibromyalgia? - Examine