Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin[1] family, a group of growth factors that are specific to nervous tissue and are known to regulate many cellular processes involved in survival, proliferation, and maturation of certain neurons. Principally known for its role in learning and memory,[2] BDNF touches upon several brain functions,[3] including neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity (the ability of connections between neurons to strengthen or weaken over time), neuroprotection, inflammation, immunity, and energy metabolism.[4]
BDNF has been inversely associated with neurodegenerative (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease) and metabolic disease (e.g., obesity, diabetes), as well as stress, and can be modulated by lifestyle habits (e.g., exercise, diet).