Which is more dangerous? Graves’ disease or Hashimoto’s disease?

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    Last Updated: May 16, 2025

    Graves’ disease is considered more dangerous than Hashimoto’s disease due to the risk of thyrotoxicosis, which can lead to severe complications and even death if it is untreated. In contrast, although Hashimoto’s disease can cause unpleasant symptoms due to hypothyroidism, these are generally manageable with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

    Graves’ disease is by far the more dangerous of these two autoimmune thyroid disorders. Overproduction of thyroid hormones can lead to thyrotoxicosis, a condition associated with excess thyroid hormones. Thyrotoxicosis is a medical emergency, causing rapid heart rate, abnormal heart rhythms, shortness of breath, insomnia, coma and ultimately death if not treated.[1]

    In contrast, although hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto’s disease produces a number of unpleasant symptoms, these are not generally life-threatening and can be managed with normalization of thyroid hormones through thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Both Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s disease are risk factors for other autoimmune diseases.[2]