Certain people are more likely to develop a tree nut allergy, like people who are allergic to other foods or people who have atopic dermatitis (eczema).[1][2][3] Other risk factors include age (food allergies are more common in children), a family history of allergy or atopy, certain genetic mutations, non-Hispanic black or Asian ethnicity, male sex, certain environmental factors (e.g., limited microbial exposure in infancy) and occupational exposures, and delayed introduction of allergenic foods.[4] However, there is conflicting or insufficient evidence on some of the risk factors for food allergies, such as vitamin D deficiency, use of antacids, duration of breastfeeding in infancy, and low intake of omega-3 fatty acids.[5]
Having a tree nut allergy may also increase the risk of developing other health conditions. In particular, children with IgE-mediated food allergies are more likely than nonallergic children to be diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma.[6][7]