The effect of wholegrain intake (oats and rye) on cardiometabolic risk markers, gut microbiota, and gastrointestinal symptoms in children.

The primary outcomes were blood LDL-cholesterol and insulin levels. The secondary outcomes included anthropometrics (e.g., BMI, waist circumference), body composition, lipid profile (e.g., total cholesterol, triglycerides), blood pressure, C-reactive protein, gastrointestinal symptoms, and stool characteristics. Other outcomes included gut microbial composition and plasma and fecal short chain fatty acids, some of which provide energy for colonocytes and have been associated with various health benefits.^[1]^[2]

Whole grains, compared to refined grains, alter the gut microbiome and improve blood lipids in children Original paper