In this 12-week randomized controlled study, known as the Personalized Nutrition Study (POINTS), the participants were classified as being a “fat responder” or a “carbohydrate responder” based on their genotype. Six gene variants were considered fat responsive, and 8 gene variants were determined to be carbohydrate responsive.

Next, the participants were assigned to 1 of 4 different diet groups, 2 of which aligned participants with their genotype (concordant diet) and 2 of which did not align participants with their genotype (discordant diet):

Fat responders + a high-fat diet (concordant diet, 44 participants)
Fat responders + a high-carbohydrate diet (discordant diet, 41 participants)
Carbohydrate responders on a high-carbohydrate diet (concordant diet, 16 participants)
Carbohydrate responders on a high-fat diet (discordant diet, 21 participants)

All groups were prescribed a hypocaloric diet at −500 kcal/day.

In addition to weight loss, blood pressure, waist circumference and hip circumference, changes in body fat percentage, and changes in food cravings, appetite, and food preferences were assessed before and after the study.

Personalized nutrition for weight loss: should you diet according to your genes? Original paper