The interventions lasted 2 weeks to 1 year, but the dosages and formulations were not reported. Western medicine interventions included antihistamines and nasal spray.

The quality of evidence for the outcomes that Biyuan tongqiao improved are as follows:

High quality

Reduced nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, interleukin 4, and TNF-alpha: large effect size

Moderate quality

50% fewer adverse reactions
17% better clinical efficacy rate

Low quality

70% reduction in recurrence rate

The risk of bias was high for 5% of the studies and low for 58% of the studies; 37% of the studies raised some concerns.

Adding Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western medicine for allergic rhinitis Original paper