The meta-analysis included four types of study designs (6 studies used more than one design) as follows:

Experimental studies

22 randomized controlled trials
3 nonrandomized controlled trials

Observational studies

12 case-control studies
10 cross-sectional studies

The mindfulness practices included body scans, yoga, tai chi, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and different kinds of meditation. Intervention durations ranged from less than 1 hour to 167 hours, and meditation experiences ranged from 43 to over 10,000 hours.

Sixteen different body awareness tasks were evaluated across the studies, including heartbeat, breath, and limb tracking.

The overall analysis showed a high level of heterogeneity. The subgroup analyses suggested that the association with body awareness was primarily driven by studies that involved long-term meditators and measuring awareness of sensations that were situated away from the center of the body (like limb movement).

Do mindfulness practices enhance body awareness? Original paper