What is known about apigenin’s clinical effect(s) on humans?

Because apigenin is unstable and poorly bioavailable in isolation, much of what is known about apigenin’s clinical effect in humans comes from studies using the plants or foods that it comes from.^{[1][2][3][4][5]} The formulation of the supplement may improve apigenin’s bioavailability, and some research has explored preparations such as enteric coated pellets^[6] and carbon nanopowders.^[7] However, preclinical studies examining bioavailability in both humans and animals using apigenin in an isolated form are typically done in a tightly controlled setting that does not reflect everyday use.^[8][7][9]