How does bitter orange work?

    Last Updated: October 25, 2023

    The synephrine in bitter oranges is thought to work as a sympathetic adrenergic agonist, stimulating receptors involved in the “fight or flight” response. These effects stimulate the cardiovascular system resulting in increased heart rate and blood pressure. Also, these effects may stimulate metabolism, resting metabolic rate and lipolysis (breakdown of fat). Appetite may also be suppressed via slowed movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract.[1] [2]

    References

    1. ^Haaz S, Fontaine KR, Cutter G, Limdi N, Perumean-Chaney S, Allison DBCitrus aurantium and synephrine alkaloids in the treatment of overweight and obesity: an update.Obes Rev.(2006-Feb)
    2. ^de Jonge MLL, Kieviet LC, Sierts M, Egberink LB, van der Heyden MAGReview of Case Reports on Adverse Events Related to Pre-workout Supplements Containing Synephrine.Cardiovasc Toxicol.(2023-Jan)