HA is useful in several branches of medicine. Ophthalmologists use it in the treatment of dry eye syndrome,[1] orthopedics specialists use it for different types of arthritis and joint pain,[2][3][4] and aesthetic practitioners use HA in fillers.[5] It seems to have potential in other areas, too, such as wound healing and the treatment of burns.[6][7] In all of these applications, HA helps with hydration, lubrication, and tissue regeneration.
High-molecular-weight HA is produced in healthy cells. Molecular weight is measured in daltons, which is the unit used to express the weight of atoms and larger molecules. A high molecular weight for HA is above 2000 kilodaltons (kDa). High-molecular-weight HA is associated with anti-inflammatory effects, and seems to slow down immune responses.[8] Other potential uses that are being looked into include alopecia treatments, regeneration of nerves in peripheral neuropathy, and use of HA in vascular grafts to help with healing.[9][10]