Can vitamin D status affect testosterone levels?

Potentially. Vitamin D status was associated with androgen levels in men in an observational study,^[1] and a randomized controlled trial found that Vitamin D supplementation (around 3000 IU/day or 75 μg/day) increased testosterone levels in healthy overweight men.^[2] It is important to note that vitamin D supplementation has not been shown to increase testosterone to supraphysiological levels, nor is there any evidence that supraphysiological vitamin D intake will further enhance testosterone levels beyond moderate-level supplementation. More research is needed to determine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in different populations.