There are currently no specific dietary recommendations for people with Hashimoto’s disease, although deficiencies in particular micronutrients such as vitamin D, magnesium,[1] iron, vitamin B12,[2] and selenium have been linked to an increased risk of the disease or its severity.[3] The role of iodine deficiency in risk of Hashimoto’s disease is complex, with some investigators suggesting that deficiency is associated with increased autoimmune hypothyroidism.[4] However, not all researchers agree, and excess iodine intake, commonly through high consumption of iodized salt, can also worsen or trigger Hashimoto’s disease.[3]
One pilot study tested the efficacy of an Autoimmune Protocol diet (a modified paleolithic diet) in 17 women participating in a 10-week online health coaching program. Although the participants had lower levels of inflammation after the intervention (as measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), there were no changes in thyroid function or autoantibody levels.[5]
An observational study found that meat consumption is associated with increased Hashimoto’s disease risk, while Mediterranean-style diets may be protective.[6]