What are some of the main medical treatments for UTIs?

Uncomplicated UTIs can resolve without treatment in some healthy, nonpregnant women and may not have a high risk of becoming a complicated UTI (when infection spreads into the upper urinary tract). Often, UTIs are treated with antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or fosfomycin, which are chosen based on community bacterial resistance and individual factors. Sometimes phenazopyridine is given in addition to antibiotics for symptom relief since it numbs the urinary tract. It is imperative that complicated UTIs are treated promptly to avoid damage to the kidneys — which can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure and other chronic diseases^[1]; and to prevent progression of complicated UTIs to more serious infections like sepsis.