Inulin is a type of soluble fiber that can be taken as a supplement or found naturally in foods (e.g., Jerusalem artichokes, chicory, asparagus, garlic, onions, wheat, bananas). Inulin can have prebiotic effects on the gut microbiome, leading to increases in the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium spp.. Inulin may have various benefits on gut and overall health, but clinical trials tend to report inconsistent results, which may be due to variability in baseline microbiomes, habitual diets, and health status.