Formulation:

Tablets/Loose powder.

Range of dosages studied:

250 to 2,000 milligrams per day (mg/day).

Effective Dosages:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Adults: The effective dosage for improving ALS is unclear. Some benefits have been found with 1,000 mg taken by mouth twice a day for up to 18 months; however, not all clinical studies confirm this efficacy.^[1][2][3][4] See Does TUDCA treat ALS? for more info.

Primary biliary cholangitis

Adults: The effective dosage for improving primary biliary cholangitis might be 500 to 1,500 mg/day by mouth for up to 6 months;^[5][6][7] however, more clinical research is needed to confirm this effect.

Insulin resistance

Adults: The effective dosage for improving insulin resistance might be 1,750 mg/day by mouth for 4 weeks; however, only a single clinical study has examined the effect of TUDCA on insulin resistance.^[8]

Endothelial function

Adults: The effective dosage for improving endothelial function might be a single 1,500 mg dose taken by mouth about 8 hours before the vascular function test; however, only one clinical study has examined this outcome.^[9]

Other Considerations:

TUDCA has several potential drug interactions (e.g., with insulin analogs, insulin sensitizers, and bile acid sequestrants). For further details, see What are TUDCA’s main drawbacks?.

Due to a lack of research, it is currently unclear whether TUDCA should be taken with or without food. That said, TUDCA is not typically taken with food in the studies that have tested its effects.

Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, dose-response studies, and meta-regression studies, the precise effective dosage for TUDCA is currently uncertain for all of the conditions that have been studied.