Processing Speed

    Last Updated: October 13, 2024

    Processing speed refers to the amount of time required for an individual sense, perceive, understand, and respond to information in the environment. Processing speed is one of the core components of attention.

    Examine Database: Processing Speed

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    Examine Database References

    1. Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng) - L D'Angelo, R Grimaldi, M Caravaggi, M Marcoli, E Perucca, S Lecchini, G M Frigo, A CremaA double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study on the effect of a standardized ginseng extract on psychomotor performance in healthy volunteersJ Ethnopharmacol.(Apr-May 1986)
    2. Ginkgo Biloba - Mix JA, Crews WD JrAn examination of the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on the neuropsychologic functioning of cognitively intact older adultsJ Altern Complement Med.(2000 Jun)
    3. Bacopa Monnieri - Harshad C, et alEfficacy and Tolerability of BacoMind® on Memory Improvement in Elderly Participants - A Double Blind Placebo Controlled StudyJ Pharmacol Toxicol.()
    4. Ashwagandha - Chengappa KN, Bowie CR, Schlicht PJ, Fleet D, Brar JS, Jindal RRandomized placebo-controlled adjunctive study of an extract of withania somnifera for cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorderJ Clin Psychiatry.(2013 Nov)
    5. Ginkgo Biloba - Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Wesnes KAModulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and a ginkgo/ginseng combination to healthy young adultsPhysiol Behav.(2002 Apr 15)
    6. Lemon Balm - Kennedy DO, Wake G, Savelev S, Tildesley NT, Perry EK, Wesnes KA, Scholey ABModulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm) with human CNS nicotinic and muscarinic receptor-binding propertiesNeuropsychopharmacology.(2003 Oct)
    7. Coconut Oil - Karr JE, Grindstaff TR, Alexander JEOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in a college-aged populationExp Clin Psychopharmacol.(2012 Jun)
    8. L-Tyrosine - Thomas J, Lockwood P, Singh, A, Patricia, DTyrosine Improves Working Memory in a Multitasking EnvironmentPharmacol Biochem.()
    9. Theanine - F L Dodd, D O Kennedy, L M Riby, C F Haskell-RamsayA double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effects of caffeine and L-theanine both alone and in combination on cerebral blood flow, cognition and moodPsychopharmacology (Berl).(2015 Jul)
    10. Phosphatidylserine - Parker AG, Gordon J, Thornton A, Byars A, Lubker J, Bartlett M, Byrd M, Oliver J, Simbo S, Rasmussen C, Greenwood M, Kreider RBThe effects of IQPLUS Focus on cognitive function, mood and endocrine response before and following acute exerciseJ Int Soc Sports Nutr.(2011 Oct 21)
    11. Ashwagandha - Pingali U, Pilli R, Fatima NEffect of standardized aqueous extract of Withania somnifera on tests of cognitive and psychomotor performance in healthy human participantsPharmacognosy Res.(2014 Jan)
    12. Black seed - Bin Sayeed MS, Asaduzzaman M, Morshed H, Hossain MM, Kadir MF, Rahman MRThe effect of Nigella sativa Linn. seed on memory, attention and cognition in healthy human volunteersJ Ethnopharmacol.(2013 Jul 30)
    13. Peppermint - Mark Moss, Steven Hewitt, Lucy Moss, Keith WesnesModulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylangInt J Neurosci.(2008 Jan)
    14. N-Acetylcysteine - Yolland CO, Hanratty D, Neill E, Rossell SL, Berk M, Dean OM, Castle DJ, Tan EJ, Phillipou A, Harris AW, Barreiros AR, Hansen A, Siskind DMeta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with -acetylcysteine in the treatment of schizophrenia.Aust N Z J Psychiatry.(2020-May)
    15. Caffeine - Irwin C, Khalesi S, Desbrow B, McCartney DEffects of acute caffeine consumption following sleep loss on cognitive, physical, occupational and driving performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosci Biobehav Rev.(2020-Jan)
    16. Creatine - Xu C, Bi S, Zhang W, Luo LThe effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Nutr.(2024)
    17. Curcumin - Yu L, Li N, Li B, Ye KX, Guo J, Shan J, Cao L, Song M, Wang Y, Lee TS, Maier AB, Feng LTargeting cognitive aging with curcumin supplementation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Prev Alzheimers Dis.(2025 Jun 26)
    18. Blueberry - da Silva ABN, de Oliveira GM, Gallo Ruelas M, Gadelha MSM, de Farias Santos ACF, Zamora FVBlueberries for brainpower: A systematic review and meta-analysis with Bayesian post hoc analysis of RCTS exploring cognitive function in the elderly with prior cognitive decline.Biogerontology.(2025 Aug 26)