Lion’s mane has gained recent popularity due to its potential neuroprotective and antioxidant properties, which may improve cognitive function and symptoms associated with neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. However, the existing clinical trial evidence supporting these claims remains limited.
In one randomized controlled trial (RCT), individuals with mild Alzheimer's disease were given three 350 mg capsules daily of Hericium erinaceus mycelia enriched with 5 mg/g of erinacine (an active compound in lion’s mane) for 49 weeks. Although the group taking lion’s mane scored higher than the placebo group in the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) test compared to baseline, no significant differences were observed in other tests used to assess mild to moderate dementia (MMSE, CASI, and NPI).[1] Another clinical study, using 3 g of lion's mane powder in capsule form, showed notable improvements in cognitive function for individuals with general mild cognitive decline. Cognitive improvement relative to the control group was observed, with the degree of improvement increasing over time. However, cognitive function reverted to baseline levels 4 weeks after the discontinuation of lion’s mane treatment, suggesting the need for a continuous intake to maintain its effect.[2] Additionally, one RCT involving healthy participants taking 3.2 g of lion’s mane daily demonstrated improved scores in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test compared to the placebo group. Although this may indicate lion’s mane’s potential for preventing cognitive decline in older adults, other tests of cognitive function in this study did not yield similar results.[3]
Lion’s mane is also being investigated for its potential to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Two studies, one involving menopausal women[4] and another including overweight or obese individuals,[5] reported improvements following supplementation with lion's mane. However, both studies had limitations in their design and targeted people belonging to specific demographic groups rather than the general population.[6]