Hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), dyslipidemia (e.g. elevated blood triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol), and a high body mass index (BMI) are associated with an increased risk of diabetic neuropathy.[1][2] In people with type 1 diabetes, additional risk factors for diabetic neuropathy include a greater age, a longer duration of diabetes, and cigarette smoking.[3] Furthermore, people with deficiencies in vitamin D [4][5][6][7] or vitamin B12 [8] also have an increased risk of diabetic neuropathy. However, further investigation is needed to determine whether these factors directly cause diabetic neuropathy.
References
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- ^Cai Z, Yang Y, Zhang JA systematic review and meta-analysis of the serum lipid profile in prediction of diabetic neuropathy.Sci Rep.(2021-01-12)
- ^Tesfaye S, Chaturvedi N, Eaton SE, Ward JD, Manes C, Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Witte DR, Fuller JH,Vascular risk factors and diabetic neuropathy.N Engl J Med.(2005-Jan-27)
- ^Yammine K, Abi Kharma J, Kaypekian T, Assi C, Zeeni NIs diabetic neuropathy associated with vitamin D status? A meta-analysis.Br J Nutr.(2022-04-14)
- ^Lv WS, Zhao WJ, Gong SL, Fang DD, Wang B, Fu ZJ, Yan SL, Wang YGSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.J Endocrinol Invest.(2015-May)
- ^Qu GB, Wang LL, Tang X, Wu W, Sun YHThe association between vitamin D level and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An update systematic review and meta-analysis.J Clin Transl Endocrinol.(2017-Sep)
- ^Zhang B, Zhao W, Tu J, Wang X, Hao Y, Wang H, Zhao Y, Mizuno K, Tseng Y, Bu HThe relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and a meta-analysis.Medicine (Baltimore).(2019-Nov)
- ^Stein J, Geisel J, Obeid RAssociation between neuropathy and B-vitamins: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Eur J Neurol.(2021-06)