Insomnia

    Written by:
    Marina Shkayeva

    Fact-checked

    by:

    Morgan Pfiffner
    Last Updated: October 13, 2024

    Insomnia is a common sleep condition which involves trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. The resulting insufficient or poor-quality sleep can lead to worsened quality of life and functional impairments.

    38 references on this page
    17,972 participants in 21 trials and 10 meta-analyses

    Overview

    Examine Database: Insomnia

    Research FeedRead all studies

    Frequently asked questions

    Examine Database References

    1. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Taavoni S, Ekbatani N, Kashaniyan M, Haghani HEffect of valerian on sleep quality in postmenopausal women: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trialMenopause.(2011 Sep)
    2. Sleep Quality - Bent S, Padula A, Moore D, Patterson M, Mehling WValerian for sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Am J Med.(2006-Dec)
    3. Sleep Quality - Fernández-San-Martín MI, Masa-Font R, Palacios-Soler L, Sancho-Gómez P, Calbó-Caldentey C, Flores-Mateo GEffectiveness of Valerian on insomnia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trialsSleep Med.(2010 Jun)
    4. Sleep Quality - Leathwood PD, Chauffard FAqueous extract of valerian reduces latency to fall asleep in manPlanta Med.(1985 Apr)
    5. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Lemoine P, Nir T, Laudon M, Zisapel NProlonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality and morning alertness in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older and has no withdrawal effectsJ Sleep Res.(2007 Dec)
    6. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Luthringer R, Muzet M, Zisapel N, Staner LThe effect of prolonged-release melatonin on sleep measures and psychomotor performance in elderly patients with insomniaInt Clin Psychopharmacol.(2009 Sep)
    7. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - van Geijlswijk IM, Mol RH, Egberts TC, Smits MGEvaluation of sleep, puberty and mental health in children with long-term melatonin treatment for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomniaPsychopharmacology (Berl).(2011 Jul)
    8. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Motlaq TM, Rahimi B, Amini SEffect of melatonin on insomnia and daytime sleepiness, in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia (COMISA): A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.J Pharm Health Care Sci.(2024 May 30)
    9. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - George T Lewith, Anthony Dean Godfrey, Philip PrescottA single-blinded, randomized pilot study evaluating the aroma of Lavandula augustifolia as a treatment for mild insomniaJ Altern Complement Med.(2005 Aug)
    10. Sleep Quality - Inn-Sook Lee, Gyung-Joo Lee[Effects of lavender aromatherapy on insomnia and depression in women college students]Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi.(2006 Feb)
    11. Sleep Quality - Li-Wei Chien, Su Li Cheng, and Chi Feng LiuThe Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Autonomic Nervous System in Midlife Women with InsomniaEvidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.()
    12. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Jasmine Mah, Tyler PitreOral magnesium supplementation for insomnia in older adults: a Systematic Review & Meta-AnalysisBMC Complement Med Ther.(2021 Apr 17)
    13. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Behnood Abbasi, Masud Kimiagar, Khosro Sadeghniiat, Minoo M Shirazi, Mehdi Hedayati, Bahram RashidkhaniThe effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trialJ Res Med Sci.(2012 Dec)
    14. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Hornyak M, Voderholzer U, Hohagen F, Berger M, Riemann DMagnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot study.Sleep.(1998-Aug-01)
    15. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Feng S, Dai B, Li H, Fu H, Zhou YEfficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in the perinatal period: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Sleep Biol Rhythms.(2024 Apr)
    16. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Malarkey ME, Fu AJ, Mannan N, Shaw OM, Haight TJ, Cota MR, Jahed NC, Werner JK, Brody DLInternet-Guided Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Among Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA Netw Open.(2024 Jul 1)
    17. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Mei Z, Cai C, Luo S, Zhang Y, Lam C, Luo SThe efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Front Public Health.(2024)
    18. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Di Pierro F, Sisti D, Rocchi M, Belli A, Bertuccioli A, Cazzaniga M, Palazzi CM, Tanda ML, Zerbinati NEffects of Melissa officinalis Phytosome on Sleep Quality: Results of a Prospective, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, and Cross-Over Study.Nutrients.(2024 Dec 4)
    19. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Wang Y, Zhao X, Ren J, Xue S, Liu Y, Zhang L, Fan M, Su C, Cheng JXThe effect of light therapy on insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep Breath.(2024 Dec 29)
    20. Insomnia Signs and Symptoms - Ruan JY, Liu Q, Chung KF, Ho KY, Yeung WFEffects of sleep hygiene education for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep Med Rev.(2025 Aug)
    21. Sleep Quality - Kae Ling Cheah, Mohd Noor Norhayati, Lili Husniati Yaacob, Razlina Abdul RahmanEffect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysisPLoS One.(2021 Sep 24)
    22. Sleep Quality - Langade D, Kanchi S, Salve J, Debnath K, Ambegaokar DEfficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract in Insomnia and Anxiety: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled StudyCureus.(2019 Sep 28)
    23. Sleep Quality - Hemmeter U, Annen B, Bischof R, Brüderlin U, Hatzinger M, Rose U, Holsboer-Trachsler EPolysomnographic effects of adjuvant ginkgo biloba therapy in patients with major depression medicated with trimipraminePharmacopsychiatry.(2001 Mar)
    24. Sleep Quality - D E Shumov, I A Yakovenko, N N Alipov, Z V Bakaeva, E B Yakunina, A N Minyuk, A V Vinokurov, V B Dorokhov[The effect of music containing binaural beats on daytime fall-asleep dynamics]Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova.(2020)
    25. Sleep Quality - David J Rog, Turo J Nurmikko, Tim Friede, Carolyn A YoungRandomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosisNeurology.(2005 Sep 27)
    26. Sleep Quality - Mark A Ware, Tongtong Wang, Stan Shapiro, Ann Robinson, Thierry Ducruet, Thao Huynh, Ann Gamsa, Gary J Bennett, Jean-Paul ColletSmoked cannabis for chronic neuropathic pain: a randomized controlled trialCMAJ.(2010 Oct 5)
    27. Sleep Quality - .(2024-05-30)
    28. Sleep Quality - Kwon CY, Lee B, Lee JYEffectiveness and safety of East Asian herbal medicine for menopausal insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Pharmacol.(2024 Aug 8)
    29. Sleep Quality - Sucu C, Çitil ETThe effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on postmenopausal sleep quality and fatigue: a single-blind randomized controlled study.Menopause.(2024 Aug 1)
    30. Anxiety Symptoms - Zhang W, Yan Y, Wu Y, Yang H, Zhu P, Yan F, Zhao R, Tian P, Wang T, Fan Q, Su ZMedicinal herbs for the treatment of anxiety: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Pharmacol Res.(2022-May)
    31. Anxiety Symptoms - Lee J, Jung HY, Lee SI, Choi JH, Kim SGEffects of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus on polysomnographic sleep parameters in subjects with insomnia disorder: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study.Int Clin Psychopharmacol.(2020-Jan)
    Insomnia: Symptoms, causes, treatments, and your questions answered.