Is menopause associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease?

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    Last Updated: May 16, 2025

    Menopause is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors such as higher cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure, along with changes in lipoprotein metabolism and inflammation. However, the relationship between menopause and cardiovascular disease risk is complex and may vary, particularly in women without known health conditions who experience menopause at a typical age.

    Menopause has been associated with increases in many cardiovascular risk factors including higher total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure.[1] Longitudinal research has found that HDL levels decrease postmenopausally, and this change appears to be more pronounced among women with a high BMI.[2] Furthermore, menopause has been associated with changes in lipoprotein metabolism and increased inflammation.[3]

    The association between menopause timing and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk may be bidirectional, meaning that younger age at natural menopause is considered a marker of increased risk of CVD.[4]

    Keep in mind, though, that menopause is not a disease. It is a natural phase of life. Overall the association between menopause and CVD risk is mixed, particularly in otherwise healthy women (e.g., nonsmoking women with a healthy BMI) who transition into menopause at a typical age.[5]