Appetite

    Last Updated: October 13, 2024

    The desire to eat food, independent of whether food is actually eaten or not. This pools together both physical hunger and subjective appetite, since studies measure this by self-report survey.

    3,176 participants in 49 trials

    Examine Database: Appetite

    Research FeedRead all studies

    Examine Database References

    1. Ephedrine - Toubro S, Astrup ARandomised comparison of diets for maintaining obese subjects' weight after major weight loss: ad lib, low fat, high carbohydrate diet v fixed energy intakeBMJ.(1997 Jan 4)
    2. Psyllium - Turnbull WH, Thomas HGThe effect of a Plantago ovata seed containing preparation on appetite variables, nutrient and energy intakeInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord.(1995 May)
    3. Bitter orange - Stohs SJ, Preuss HG, Keith SC, Keith PL, Miller H, Kaats GREffects of p-synephrine alone and in combination with selected bioflavonoids on resting metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate and self-reported mood changesInt J Med Sci.(2011 Apr 28)
    4. Umckaloabo - Kamin W, Ilyenko LI, Malek FA, Kieser MTreatment of acute bronchitis with EPs 7630: randomized, controlled trial in children and adolescentsPediatr Int.(2012 Apr)
    5. Conjugated Linoleic Acid - Kamphuis MM, Lejeune MP, Saris WH, Westerterp-Plantenga MSEffect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on appetite and food intake in overweight subjectsEur J Clin Nutr.(2003 Oct)
    6. Black seed - Datau EA, Wardhana, Surachmanto EE, Pandelaki K, Langi JA, FiasEfficacy of Nigella sativa on serum free testosterone and metabolic disturbances in central obese maleActa Med Indones.(2010 Jul)
    7. Conjugated Linoleic Acid - Lambert EV, Goedecke JH, Bluett K, Heggie K, Claassen A, Rae DE, West S, Dugas J, Dugas L, Meltzeri S, Charlton K, Mohede IConjugated linoleic acid versus high-oleic acid sunflower oil: effects on energy metabolism, glucose tolerance, blood lipids, appetite and body composition in regularly exercising individualsBr J Nutr.(2007 May)
    8. Spirulina - Reyhaneh Yousefi, Azadeh Mottaghi, Atoosa SaidpourSpirulina platensis effectively ameliorates anthropometric measurements and obesity-related metabolic disorders in obese or overweight healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trialComplement Ther Med.(2018 Oct)
    9. Saffron - Shahin Akhondzadeh, Seyed-Ali Mostafavi, Seyed Ali Keshavarz, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Saeed Hosseini, Mohammad Reza EshraghianA placebo controlled randomized clinical trial of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) on depression and food craving among overweight women with mild to moderate depressionJ Clin Pharm Ther.(2020 Feb)
    10. Caralluma Fimbriata - Kuriyan R, Raj T, Srinivas SK, Vaz M, Rajendran R, Kurpad AVEffect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on appetite, food intake and anthropometry in adult Indian men and womenAppetite.(2007 May)
    11. OMAD And 20:4 Intermittent Fasting - Stote KS, Baer DJ, Spears K, Paul DR, Harris GK, Rumpler WV, Strycula P, Najjar SS, Ferrucci L, Ingram DK, Longo DL, Mattson MPA controlled trial of reduced meal frequency without caloric restriction in healthy, normal-weight, middle-aged adultsAm J Clin Nutr.(2007 Apr)
    12. Fenugreek - Mathern JR, Raatz SK, Thomas W, Slavin JLEffect of fenugreek fiber on satiety, blood glucose and insulin response and energy intake in obese subjectsPhytother Res.(2009 Nov)
    13. Fenugreek - Chevassus H, Gaillard JB, Farret A, Costa F, Gabillaud I, Mas E, Dupuy AM, Michel F, Cantié C, Renard E, Galtier F, Petit PA fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjectsEur J Clin Pharmacol.(2010 May)
    14. Kelp - A C Hall, A C Fairclough, K Mahadevan, J R PaxmanAscophyllum nodosum enriched bread reduces subsequent energy intake with no effect on post-prandial glucose and cholesterol in healthy, overweight males. A pilot studyAppetite.(2012 Feb)
    15. Fenugreek - Chevassus H, Molinier N, Costa F, Galtier F, Renard E, Petit PA fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat consumption in healthy volunteersEur J Clin Pharmacol.(2009 Dec)
    16. Kefir - Z Jenko Pražnikar, S Kenig, T Vardjan, M Černelič Bizjak, A PetelinEffects of kefir or milk supplementation on zonulin in overweight subjectsJ Dairy Sci.(2020 May)
    17. Spirulina - Shariat A, Farhangi M, Zeinalian RSpirulina platensis supplementation, macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), oxidative stress markers and anthropometric features in obese individuals: A randomized controlled trialJ Herb Med.()
    18. Stevia - Anton SD, Martin CK, Han H, Coulon S, Cefalu WT, Geiselman P, Williamson DAEffects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levelsAppetite.(2010 Aug)
    19. Chia seeds - Vuksan V, Jenkins AL, Dias AG, Lee AS, Jovanovski E, Rogovik AL, Hanna AReduction in postprandial glucose excursion and prolongation of satiety: possible explanation of the long-term effects of whole grain Salba (Salvia Hispanica L.)Eur J Clin Nutr.(2010 Apr)
    20. Chromium - Docherty JP, Sack DA, Roffman M, Finch M, Komorowski JRA double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate cravingJ Psychiatr Pract.(2005 Sep)
    21. Cannabis - Suzanne E M de Bruijn, Cees de Graaf, Renger F Witkamp, Gerry JagerExplorative Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Intervention Study with Low Doses of Inhaled Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Reveals No Effect on Sweet Taste Intensity Perception and Liking in HumansCannabis Cannabinoid Res.(2017 Jun 1)
    22. Ginger - Muhammad S Mansour, Yu-Ming Ni, Amy L Roberts, Michael Kelleman, Arindam Roychoudhury, Marie-Pierre St-OngeGinger consumption enhances the thermic effect of food and promotes feelings of satiety without affecting metabolic and hormonal parameters in overweight men: a pilot studyMetabolism.(2012 Oct)
    23. 5-HTP - Cangiano C, Laviano A, Del Ben M, Preziosa I, Angelico F, Cascino A, Rossi-Fanelli FEffects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patientsInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord.(1998 Jul)
    24. Kefir - Gulbeyaz Can, Erkan Topuz, Duygu Derin, Zehra Durna, Adnan AydinerEffect of kefir on the quality of life of patients being treated for colorectal cancerOncol Nurs Forum.(2009 Nov)
    25. Umckaloabo - Kamin W, Maydannik VG, Malek FA, Kieser MEfficacy and tolerability of EPs 7630 in patients (aged 6-18 years old) with acute bronchitisActa Paediatr.(2010 Apr)
    26. Grape Juice - Hollis JH, Houchins JA, Blumberg JB, Mattes RDEffects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, and antioxidant status of adultsJ Am Coll Nutr.(2009 Oct)
    27. Chromium - Cefalu WT, Rood J, Pinsonat P, Qin J, Sereda O, Levitan L, Anderson RA, Zhang XH, Martin JM, Martin CK, Wang ZQ, Newcomer BCharacterization of the metabolic and physiologic response to chromium supplementation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitusMetabolism.(2010 May)
    28. CDP-Choline - Killgore WD, Ross AJ, Kamiya T, Kawada Y, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DACiticoline affects appetite and cortico-limbic responses to images of high-calorie foodsInt J Eat Disord.(2010 Jan)
    29. L-Carnitine - Jun-jie Zhang, Zhi-bing Wu, You-jin Cai, Bin Ke, Ying-juan Huang, Chao-ping Qiu, Yu-bing Yang, Lan-ying Shi, Jian QinL-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled studyNutr J.(2014 Nov 26)
    30. Saffron - Gout B, Bourges C, Paineau-Dubreuil SSatiereal, a Crocus sativus L extract, reduces snacking and increases satiety in a randomized placebo-controlled study of mildly overweight, healthy womenNutr Res.(2010 May)
    31. Whey Protein - J Lorenzen, R Frederiksen, C Hoppe, R Hvid, A AstrupThe effect of milk proteins on appetite regulation and diet-induced thermogenesisEur J Clin Nutr.(2012 May)
    32. Garcinia - Mattes RD, Bormann LEffects of (-)-hydroxycitric acid on appetitive variablesPhysiol Behav.(2000 Oct 1-15)
    33. OMAD And 20:4 Intermittent Fasting - Sutton EF, Beyl R, Early KS, Cefalu WT, Ravussin E, Peterson CMEarly Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss in Men with PrediabetesCell Metab.(2018 Jun 5)
    34. Apple Cider Vinegar - Khezri, S, et alBeneficial effects of Apple Cider Vinegar on weight management, Visceral Adiposity Index and lipid profile in overweight or obese subjects receiving restricted calorie diet: A randomized clinical trialJ. Funct. Foods.()
    35. Bushman's hat - Blom WA, Abrahamse SL, Bradford R, Duchateau GS, Theis W, Orsi A, Ward CL, Mela DJEffects of 15-d repeated consumption of Hoodia gordonii purified extract on safety, ad libitum energy intake, and body weight in healthy, overweight women: a randomized controlled trialAm J Clin Nutr.(2011 Nov)
    36. 5-HTP - Cangiano C, Ceci F, Cascino A, Del Ben M, Laviano A, Muscaritoli M, Antonucci F, Rossi-Fanelli FEating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophanAm J Clin Nutr.(1992 Nov)
    37. Psyllium - H J Delargy, K R O'Sullivan, R J Fletcher, J E BlundellEffects of amount and type of dietary fibre (soluble and insoluble) on short-term control of appetiteInt J Food Sci Nutr.(1997 Jan)
    38. Fenugreek - Abdel-Barry JA, Abdel-Hassan IA, Jawad AM, al-Hakiem MHHypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteersEast Mediterr Health J.(2000 Jan)
    39. Blueberry - Clegg ME, Pratt M, Meade CM, Henry CJThe addition of raspberries and blueberries to a starch-based food does not alter the glycaemic responseBr J Nutr.(2011 Aug)
    40. Chromium - Anton SD, Morrison CD, Cefalu WT, Martin CK, Coulon S, Geiselman P, Han H, White CL, Williamson DAEffects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satietyDiabetes Technol Ther.(2008 Oct)
    41. Spirulina - Reihaneh Zeinalian, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Atefeh Shariat, Maryam Saghafi-AslThe effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid profile and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in obese individuals: a randomized double blinded placebo controlled trialBMC Complement Altern Med.(2017 Apr 21)
    42. Caffeine - Gavrieli A, Yannakoulia M, Fragopoulou E, Margaritopoulos D, Chamberland JP, Kaisari P, Kavouras SA, Mantzoros CSCaffeinated coffee does not acutely affect energy intake, appetite, or inflammation but prevents serum cortisol concentrations from falling in healthy menJ Nutr.(2011 Apr 1)
    43. Cannabis - Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-Group, Strasser F, Luftner D, Possinger K, Ernst G, Ruhstaller T, Meissner W, Ko YD, Schnelle M, Reif M, Cerny TComparison of orally administered cannabis extract and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in treating patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome: a multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial from the Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-GroupJ Clin Oncol.(2006 Jul 20)
    44. Psyllium - Bergmann JF, Chassany O, Petit A, Triki R, Caulin C, Segrestaa JMCorrelation between echographic gastric emptying and appetite: influence of psylliumGut.(1992 Aug)
    45. 5-HTP - Ceci F, Cangiano C, Cairella M, Cascino A, Del Ben M, Muscaritoli M, Sibilia L, Rossi Fanelli FThe effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjectsJ Neural Transm.(1989)
    46. Cannabis - Nathalie Weltens, Inge Depoortere, Jan Tack, Lukas Van OudenhoveEffect of acute Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol administration on subjective and metabolic hormone responses to food stimuli and food intake in healthy humans: a randomized, placebo-controlled studyAm J Clin Nutr.(2019 Apr 1)
    47. Whey Protein - Mollahosseini M, Shab-Bidar S, Rahimi MH, Djafarian KEffect of whey protein supplementation on long and short term appetite: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Clin Nutr ESPEN.(2017-Aug)
    48. Resistant Starch - Shirin Amini, Anahita Mansoori, Leila Maghsumi-NorouzabadThe effect of acute consumption of resistant starch on appetite in healthy adults; a systematic review and meta-analysis of the controlled clinical trialsClin Nutr ESPEN.(2021 Feb)
    49. Coleus forskohlii - Hayley L Loftus, Katie J Astell, Michael L Mathai, Xiao Q SuColeus forskohlii Extract Supplementation in Conjunction with a Hypocaloric Diet Reduces the Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Randomized Controlled TrialNutrients.(2015 Nov 17)