Atherosclerosis

    Written by:
    Gregory Lopez

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    by:

    Mike Murray, James Gaylor
    Last Updated: May 12, 2025

    Atherosclerosis is the buildup of lipid-rich plaque on arteries’ interior lining. While symptomless early on, it can lead to artery blockage and increased clot formation, which can cause a wide range of serious diseases, most commonly coronary heart disease and stroke. Lifestyle factors, such as poor diet, little exercise, and smoking, can be integral in the progression of atherosclerosis and its associated diseases.

    24 references on this page
    9,161 participants in 7 trials and 5 meta-analyses

    Overview

    Examine Database: Atherosclerosis

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    Frequently asked questions

    Examine Database References

    1. Serum Platelets - Joanna J Samulak, Angelika K Sawicka, Emilia Samborowska, Robert A OlekPlasma Trimethylamine-N-oxide following Cessation of L-carnitine Supplementation in Healthy Aged WomenNutrients.(2019 Jun 13)
    2. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - Castaño G, Más R, Fernández JC, Illnait J, Fernández L, Alvarez EEffects of policosanol in older patients with type II hypercholesterolemia and high coronary riskJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.(2001 Mar)
    3. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - Gutierrez AD, Duran-Valdez E, Robinson I, de Serna DG, Schade DSDoes short-term vitamin C reduce cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes?Endocr Pract.(2013 Sep-Oct)
    4. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - AIM-HIGH Investigators, Boden WE, Probstfield JL, Anderson T, Chaitman BR, Desvignes-Nickens P, Koprowicz K, McBride R, Teo K, Weintraub WNiacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapyN Engl J Med.(2011 Dec 15)
    5. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - Yang L, Zhu W, Zhang X, Zhou X, Wu W, Shen TEfficacy and safety of berberine for several cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Phytomedicine.(2023-Apr)
    6. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - Bersch-Ferreira ÂC, Stein E, Waclawovsky G, da Silva LR, Machado RHV, Weschenfelder C, Figueiro MF, Suzumura EA, Santos RHN, Duarte GBS, Rogero MM, de Abreu-Silva EO, Cavalcanti AB, Marcadenti AEffect of nuts on lipid profile and inflammatory biomarkers in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Eur J Nutr.(2024 Jul 5)
    7. Atherosclerotic Signs - Koscielny J, Klüssendorf D, Latza R, Schmitt R, Radtke H, Siegel G, Kiesewetter HThe antiatherosclerotic effect of Allium sativumAtherosclerosis.(1999 May)
    8. Atherosclerotic Signs - Wang S, Chen Y, Wang R, Ma B, Wang Z, Tang G, Wang S, He Y, Qu LEffectiveness of red yeast rice on carotid atherosclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Pharmacol.(2022)
    9. Atherosclerotic Signs - Qin X, Xu M, Zhang Y, Li J, Xu X, Wang X, Xu X, Huo YEffect of folic acid supplementation on the progression of carotid intima-media thickness: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Atherosclerosis.(2012-Jun)
    10. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) - Koushki M, Dashatan NA, Meshkani REffect of Resveratrol Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clin Ther.(2018-Jul)
    11. Microcirculation - Suter A, Niemer W, Klopp RA new ginkgo fresh plant extract increases microcirculation and radical scavenging activity in elderly patientsAdv Ther.(2011 Dec)
    12. Pulse Wave Velocity - Katayoshi T, Uehata S, Nakashima N, Nakajo T, Kitajima N, Kageyama M, Tsuji-Naito KNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Sci Rep.(2023-Feb-16)